The History of Prostitution

The History of Prostitution 24γραμματαjpg William W. Sanger

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The History of Prostitution, by William W. Sanger

CONTENTS.
CHAPTER I.
THE JEWS.
Prostitution coeval with Society.—Prostitutes in the Eighteenth Century B.C.—Tamar and Judah.—Legislation of Moses.—Syrian Women.—Rites of Moloch.—Groves.—Social Condition of Jewish Harlots.—Description by Solomon.—The Jews of Babylon. Page 35

CHAPTER II.
EGYPT, SYRIA, AND ASIA MINOR.
Egyptian Courtesans.—Festival of Bubastis.—Morals in Egypt.—Religious Prostitution in Chaldæa.—Babylonian Banquets.—Compulsory Prostitution in Phœnicia.—Persian Banquets. 40

CHAPTER III.
GREECE.
Mythology.—Solonian Legislation.—Dicteria.—Pisistratidæ.—Lycurgus and Sparta.—Laws on Prostitution.—Case of Phryne.—Classes of Prostitutes.—Pornikon Telos.—Dress.—Hair of Prostitutes.—The Dicteriades of Athens.—Abode and Manners.—Appearance of Dicteria.—Laws regulating Dicteria.—Schools of Prostitution.—Loose Prostitutes.—Old Prostitutes.—Auletrides, or Flute-players.—Origin.—How hired.—Performances.—Anecdote of Arcadians.—Price of Flute-players.—Festival of Venus Periboa.—Venus Callipyge.—Lesbian Love.—Lamia.—Hetairæ.—Social Standing.—Venus and her Temples.—Charms of Hetairæ.—Thargelia.—Aspasia.—Hipparchia.—Bacchis.—Guathena and Guathenion.—Lais.—Phryne.—Pythionice.—Glycera.—Leontium.—Other Hetairæ.—Biographers of Prostitutes.—Philtres. 43

CHAPTER IV.
ROME.
Laws governing Prostitution.—Floralian Games.—Registration of Prostitutes.—Purity of Morals.—Julian Law.—Ædiles.—Classes of Prostitutes.—Loose Prostitutes.—Various Classes of lewd Women.—Meretrices.—Dancing Girls.—Bawds.—Male Prostitutes.—Houses of Prostitution.—Lupanaria.—Cells of Prostitutes.—Houses of Assignation.—Fornices.—Circus.—Baths.—Taverns.—Bakers’ Shops.—Squares and Thoroughfares.—Habits and Manners of Prostitutes.—Social standing.—Dress.—Rate of Hire.—Virgins in Roman Brothels.—Kept Women.—Roman Poets.—Ovid.—Martial.—Roman Society.—Social Corruption.—Conversation.—Pictures and Sculptures.—Theatricals.—Baths.—Religious Indecencies.—Marriage Feasts.—Emperors.—Secret Diseases.—Celsus.—Roman Faculty.—Archiatii. 64
[Pg viii] CHAPTER V.
THE EARLY CHRISTIAN ERA.
Christian Teachers preach Chastity.—Horrible Punishment of Christian Virgins.—Persecution of Women.—Conversion of Prostitutes.—The Gnostics.—The Ascetics.—Conventual Life.—Opinion of the Fathers on Prostitution.—Tax on Prostitutes.—Punishment of Prostitutes under the Greek Emperors. 86

CHAPTER VI.
FRANCE.—HISTORY DURING THE MIDDLE AGES.
Morals in Gaul.—Gynecea.—Capitulary of Charlemagne.—Morals in the Middle Ages.—Edict of 1254.—Decree of 1358, re-establishing Prostitution.—Roi des Ribauds.—Ordinance of Philip abolishing Prostitution.—Sumptuary Laws.—Punishment of Procuresses.—Templars.—The Provinces.—Prohibition in the North.—Licensed Brothels at Toulouse, Montpellier, and Avignon.—Penalties South.—Effect of Chivalry.—Literature.—Erotic Vocabulary.—Incubes and Succubes.—Sorcery.—The Sabat.—Flagellants.—Adamites.—Jour des Innocents.—Wedding Ceremonies.—Preachers of the Day. 93

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CHAPTER VII.
FRANCE.—HISTORY FROM THE MIDDLE AGES TO LOUIS XIII.
The Court.—Louis IX. to Charles V.—Charles VI.—Agnes Sorel.—Louis XI.—Charles VIII.—Louis XII.—Francis I.—La Belle Feronniere.—Henry II.—Diana de Poictiers.—Lewd Books and Pictures.—Catharine of Medicis.—Margaret.—Henry IV.—Mademoiselle de Entragues.—Henry III.—Mignons.—Influence of the Ligue.—Indecency of Dress.—Theatricals.—Ordinance of 1560.—Police Regulations. 108

CHAPTER VIII.
FRANCE.—HISTORY FROM LOUIS XIII. TO THE PRESENT DAY.
Exile of Prostitutes.—Measures of Louis XIV.—Laws of 1684 and 1713.—Police Regulations.—Ordinance of 1778.—Republican Legislation.—Frightful state of Paris.—Efforts to pass a general Law.—The Court.—Louis XIII.—The Medicis.—Louis XIV.—La Vallière.—Montespan.—Maintenon.—Literature of the Day.—Feudal Rights.—The Regency.—Duchess of Berri.—Claudine de Tencin.—Louis XV.—Madame de Pompadour.—Dubarry.—Parc aux Cerfs.—Louis XVI.—Philippe Egalité.—Subsequent Sovereigns.—Literature.—Lewd Novels and Pictures.—Tendency of Philosophy.—The Church. 120

CHAPTER IX.
FRANCE.—SYPHILIS.
First recorded Appearance in Europe.—Description by Fracastor.—Conduct of the Faculty.—First Hospitals in Paris.—Shocking Condition of the Sick.—New Syphilitic Hospital.—Plan of Treatment.—Establishment of the Salpétrière.—Bicêtre.—Capuchins.—Hospital du Midi.—Reforms there.—Visiting Physicians.—Dispensary.—Statistics of Disease.—Progress and Condition of Disease. 131
[Pg ix] CHAPTER X.
FRANCE.—PRESENT REGULATIONS.
Number of Prostitutes in Paris.—Their Nativity, Parentage, Education, Age, etc.—Causes of Prostitution.—Rules concerning tolerated Houses.—Maisons de Passe.—Windows.—Keepers.—Formalities upon granting Licenses.—Recruits.—Pimps.—Profits of Prostitution.—Inscription.—Interrogatories.—Nativity, how ascertained.—Obstacles.—Principles of Inscription.—Age at which Inscription is made.—Radiation.—Provisional Radiation.—Statistics of Radiation.—Classes of Prostitutes.—Visit to the Dispensary.—Visiting Physicians.—Punishment.—Offenses.—Prison Discipline.—Saint Denis.—Tax on Prostitutes.—Inspectors.—Bon Pasteur Asylum.—(Note: Duchatelet’s Bill for the Repression of Prostitution.) 139

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CHAPTER XI.
ITALY.
Decline of Public Morals.—Papal Court.—Nepotism.—John XXII.—Sextus IV.—Alexander VI.—Effect of the Reformation.—Poem of Fracastoro.—Benvenuto Cellini.—Beatrice Cenci.—Laws of Naples.—Pragmatic Law of 1470.—Court of Prostitutes.—Bull of Clement II.—Prostitution in Lombardy and Piedmont.—Clerical Statute.—Modern Italy.—Laws of Rome.—Public Hospitals.—Lazaroni of Naples.—Italian Manners as depicted by Lord Byron.—Foundling Hospitals.—True Character of Italian People. 154

CHAPTER XII.
SPAIN.
Resemblance between Spanish and Roman Laws on Prostitution.—Code of Alphonse IX.—Result of Draconian Legislation.—Ruffiani.—Court Morals.—Brothels.—Valencia.—Laws for the Regulation of Vice.—Concubines legally recognized.—Syphilis.—Cortejo.—Reformatory Institutions at Barcelona.—Prostitution in Spain at the Present Day.—Madrid Foundling Hospital. 168

CHAPTER XIII.
PORTUGAL.
Conventual Life in 1780.—Depravity of Women.—Laws against Adultery and Rape.—Venereal Disease.—Illegitimacy.—Foundling Hospitals of Lisbon and Oporto.—Singular Institutions for Wives. 178

CHAPTER XIV.
ALGERIA.
Prostitution in Algiers before the Conquest.—Mezonar.—Unnatural Vices.—Tax on Prostitutes.—Decree of 1837.—Corruption.—Number of Prostitutes and Population.—Nationality of Prostitutes.—Causes of Prostitution.—Brothels.—Clandestine Prostitution.—Baths.—Dispensary.—Syphilis.—Punishment of Prostitutes. 180

CHAPTER XV.
BELGIUM.
Hospitals and Charitable Institutions.—Foundlings.—Estimate of the Marriage Ceremony.—Regulations as to Prostitution.—Brothels.—Sanitary Ordinances. 187
[Pg x] CHAPTER XVI.
HAMBURG.
Ancient Legislation.—Ulm.—Legislation from 1483 to 1764.—French Revolution, and its effects on Morals.—Abendroth’s Ordinance in 1807.—Police Ordinance in 1811.—Additional Powers in 1820.—Hudtwalcker.—Present Police Regulations.—Number of Registered Women.—Tolerated Houses.—Illegitimacy.—Age and Nativity of Prostitutes.—The Hamburger Berg and its Women.—Physique, Peculiarities, and Diseases of Prostitutes.—Dress.—Food.—Intellectual Capacity.—Religion.—Offenses.—Procuresses.—Inscription.—Locality of Brothels.—Brothel-keepers.—Dance-houses.—Sunday Evening Scene.—Private Prostitutes.—Street-walkers.—Domestic Prostitution.—Unregistered Prostitution.—Houses of Accommodation.—Common Sleeping Apartments.—Beer and Wine Houses.—Effect of Prostitution on Generative Organs.—General Maladies.—Forms of Syphilis.—Syphilis in Sea-ports.—Severity of Syphilis among unregistered Women.—The “Kurhaus” and general Infirmary.—Male Venereal Patients.—Sickness in the Garrison.—Treatment.—Mortal Diseases of Hamburg Prostitutes.—Hamburg Magdalen Hospital. 189

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CHAPTER XVII.
PRUSSIA.
Patriarchal Government.—Ecclesiastical Legislation.—Trade Guilds.—Enactments in 1700.—Inquiry in 1717.—Enactment in 1792.—Police Order, 1795.—Census.—Increase of illicit Prostitution.—Syphilis.—Census of 1808.—Ministerial Rescript and Police Report, 1809.—Tolerated Brothels closed.—Re-enactment of the Code of 1792.—Ministerial Rescript of 1839.—Removal of Brothels.—Petitions.—Ministerial Reply.—Police Report, 1844.—Brothels closed by royal Command.—Police Embarrassment, and Correspondence with Halle and Cologne.—Local Opinions.—Public Life in Berlin.—Dancing Saloons.—Drinking Houses.—Immorality.—Increase of Syphilis.—Statistics.—Illegitimacy.—Royal Edict of 1851.—Recent Regulations. 219

CHAPTER XVIII.
LEIPZIG.
Population.—Registered and illicit Prostitutes.—Servants.—Kept-women.—Brothels.—Nationality of Prostitutes.—Habits.—Fairs.—Visitors.—Earnings of Prostitutes. 252

CHAPTER XIX.
DENMARK.
Prostitution in Copenhagen.—Police Regulations.—Illegitimacy.—Brothels.—Syphilis.—Laws of Marriage and Divorce.—Infanticide.—Adultery.—New Marriage Ordinances. 256

CHAPTER XX.
SWITZERLAND.
Superior Morality of the Swiss.—Customs of Neufchatel.—“Bundling.”—Influence of Climate. 259
[Pg xi] CHAPTER XXI.
RUSSIA.
Ancient Manners.—Peter the Great.—Eudoxia.—Empress Catharine, her dissolute Conduct and Death.—Peter’s Libertinism.—Anne.—Elizabeth.—Catharine II., infamous Career and Death.—Paul.—Alexander I.—Countess Narishkin.—Nicholas.—Court Morality.—Serfage.—Prostitution in St. Petersburg.—Excess of Males over Females.—Marriage Customs.—Brides’ Fair.—Conjugal Relations among the Russian Nobility.—Foundling Hospital of St. Petersburg.—Illegitimacy. 261

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CHAPTER XXII.
SWEDEN AND NORWAY.
Comparative Morality.—Illegitimacy.—Profligacy in Stockholm.—Infanticide.—Foundling Hospitals.—Stora Barnhordst.—Laws against Prostitution.—Toleration.—Government Brothels.—Syphilis.—Marriage in Norway. 277

CHAPTER XXIII.
GREAT BRITAIN.—HISTORY TO THE TIME OF THE COMMONWEALTH.
Aboriginal Morals and Laws.—Anglo-Saxon Legislation.—Introduction of Christianity.—St. Augustine.—Prostitution in the Ninth Century.—Court Example.—Norman Epoch.—Feudal Laws and their Influences.—Civil and Ecclesiastical Courts.—General Depravity.—Effects of Chivalry.—Fair Rosamond.—Jane Shore.—Henry VIII.—Elizabeth.—James I. 282

CHAPTER XXIV.
GREAT BRITAIN.—HISTORY FROM THE COMMONWEALTH TO THE PRESENT DAY.
Puritans.—Results of Asceticism.—Excesses of the Restoration.—General Licentiousness.—Art.—Literature.—The Stage.—Nell Gwynne.—Nationality in Vice.—Sabbath at Court.—James II.—Literature of the seventeenth and eighteenth Centuries.—Lord Chesterfield.—House of Hanover.—Royal Princes.—George III.—George IV.—Influence of French Literature.—Marriage Laws.—Increase of Population. 298

CHAPTER XXV.
GREAT BRITAIN.—PROSTITUTION AT THE PRESENT TIME.
Influence of the Wealthy Classes.—Devices of Procuresses.—Scene at a Railway Station.—Organization for entrapping Women.—Seduction of Children.—Continental Traffic.—Brothel-keepers.—“Fancy Men” and “Spooneys.”—Number of Brothels in London.—Causes of Prostitution.—Sexual Desire.—Seduction.—Over-crowded Dwellings.—Parental Example.—Poverty and Destitution.—Public Amusements.—Ill-assorted Marriages.—Love of Dress.—Juvenile Prostitution.—Factories.—Obscene Publications.—Census of 1851.—Education and Crime.—Number of Prostitutes.—Female Population of London.—Working Classes.—Domestic Servants.—Needlewomen.—Ages of Prostitutes.—Average Life.—Condition of Women in London.—Charitable Institutions.—Mrs. Fry’s benevolent Labors. 312
[Pg xii] CHAPTER XXVI.
GREAT BRITAIN.—SYPHILITIC DISEASES.
First Recognition in England.—Regulations of Henry VI.—Lazar Houses.—John of Gaddesden.—Queen Elizabeth’s Surgeon.—Popular Opinions.—Proclamation of James IV. of Scotland.—Middlesex and London Hospitals.—Army.—Navy.—Merchant Service.—St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.—Estimated Extent of Syphilis. 354

CHAPTER XXVII.
MEXICO.
Spanish Conquest.—Treatment of Female Prisoners.—Mexican Manners in 1677.—Priesthood.—Modern Society.—Fashionable Life.—Indifference of Husbands to their Wives.—General Immorality.—Offenses.—Charitable Institutions.—The Cuna, or Foundling Hospital. 359

CHAPTER XXVIII.
CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA.
Low moral Condition.—San Salvador.—Guatemala.—Yucatan.—Costa Rica.—Honduras.—The Caribs.—Depravity in Peru and Chili.—“Children of the House.”—Intrigue in Lima.—Infanticide.—Laxity of Morals in Brazil and Paraguay.—Foundling Hospital at Rio Janeiro. 364

CHAPTER XXIX.
NORTH AMERICAN INDIANS.
Decrease of the Indian Race.—Treatment of Females.—Courtship.—Stealing Wives.—Domestic Life among the Crow Indians.—“Pine Leaf.”—Female Prisoners.—Marriage.—Conjugal Relations.—Infidelity.—Polygamy.—Divorce.—Female Morality.—Intrigue and Revenge.—Decency of Outward Life.—Effects of Contact with White Men.—Traders. 372

CHAPTER XXX.
BARBAROUS NATIONS.
Africa.—Australasia.—West Indies.—Java.—Sumatra.—Borneo. 385

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CHAPTER XXXI.
SEMI-CIVILIZED NATIONS.
Persia.—Afghanistan.—Kashmir.—India.—Ceylon.—Ultra-Gangetic Nations.—Celebes.—China.—Japan.—Tartar Races.—Circassia.—Turkey.—Northern Africa.—Siberia.—Esquimaux.—Iceland.—Greenland. 415

CHAPTER XXXII.
NEW YORK.—STATISTICS.
Schedule of Questions.—Age.—Juvenile Depravity.—Premature Old Age.—Gradual Descent.—Average Duration of a Prostitute’s Life.—Nativity.—Proportion of Prostitutes from various States.—New York.—Effects of Immigration.—Foreigners.—Proportion to Population.—Proportion to Emigration.—Dangers of Ports of Departure, Emigrant Ships, and Boarding-houses.—Length of Residence in the United States.—Prostitution a Burden to Tax-payers.—Length of Residence in New York State.—Length of Residence in New York City.—Inducements to emigrate.—Labor and Remuneration in Europe.—Assistance to [Pg xiii]emigrate; its Amount, and from whom.—Education.—Neglect of Facilities in New York.—Social Condition.—Single Women.—Widows.—Early and Injudicious Marriages.—Husbands.—Children.—Illegitimate Children.—Mortality of Children.—Infanticide.—Influences to which Children are exposed. 450

CHAPTER XXXIII.
NEW YORK.—STATISTICS.
Continuance of Prostitution.—Average in Paris and New York.—Dangers of Prostitution.—Disease.—Causes of Prostitution.—Inclination.—Destitution.—Seduction.—Intemperance.—Ill-treatment.—Duties of Parents, Husbands, and Relatives.—Influence of Prostitutes.—Intelligence Offices.—Boarding-schools.—Obscene Literature. 484

CHAPTER XXXIV.
NEW YORK.—STATISTICS.
Means of Support.—Occupation.—Treatment of Domestics.—Needlewomen.—Weekly Earnings.—Female Labor in France.—Competition.—Opportunity for Employment in the Country.—Effects of Female Occupations.—Temptations of Seamstresses.—Indiscriminate Employment of both Sexes in Shops.—Factory Life.—Business of the Fathers of Prostitutes.—Mothers’ Business.—Assistance to Parents.—Death of Parents.—Intoxication.—Drinking Habits of Prostitutes.—Delirium Tremens.—Liquor Sold in Houses of Prostitution.—Parental Influences.—Religion of Parents and Prostitutes.—Amiable Feelings.—Kindness and Fidelity to each other. 523

CHAPTER XXXV.
NEW YORK.—PROSTITUTES AND HOUSES OF PROSTITUTION.
First Class, or “Parlor Houses.”—Luxury.—Semi-refinement.—Rate of Board.—Dress.—Money.—Lavish Extravagance.—Instance of Economy.—Means of Amusement.—House-keepers.—Rents.—Estimated Receipts.—Management of Houses.—Assumed Respectability.—Consequences of Exactions from Prostitutes.—Affection for Lovers.—Second Class Houses.—Street-walkers.—Drunkenness.—Syphilitic Infection.—Third Class Houses.—Germans.—Sailors.-Ball-rooms.—Intoxication.—Fourth Class Houses.—Repulsive Features.—Visitors.—Action of the Police.—First Class Houses of Assignation.—Secrecy and Exclusiveness.—Keepers.—Arrangements.—Visitors.—Origin of some Houses of Assignation.—Prevalence of Intrigue.—Foreign Manners.—Effects of Travel.—Dress.—Second Class Houses.—Visitors.—Prostitutes.—Arrangements.—Wine and Liquor.—Third Class Houses.—Kept Mistresses.—Sewing and Shop Girls.—Disease.—Fourth Class Houses.—“Panel Houses.” 549

CHAPTER XXXVI.
NEW YORK.—EXTENT, EFFECTS, AND COST OF PROSTITUTION.
Number of Public Prostitutes.—Opinion of Chief of Police in 1856.—Effects on Prostitution of Commercial Panic of 1857.—Extravagant Surmises.—Police Investigation of May, 1858.—Private Prostitutes.—Aggregate Prostitution.—Visitors from the Suburbs of New York.—Strangers.—Proportion of Prostitutes to Population.—Syphilis.—Danger of Infection.—Increase of Venereal Disease.—Statistics of Cases treated in Island Hospital, Blackwell’s Island.—Primary Syphilis and its Indications.—Cases of Venereal Disease in Public Institutions.—Alms-house.—Work-house.—Penitentiary.—Bellevue Hospital.—Nursery[Pg xiv]Hospital, Randall’s Island.—Emigrants’ Hospital, Ward’s Island.—New York City Hospital.—Dispensaries.—Medical Colleges.—King’s County Hospital.—Brooklyn City Hospital.—Seamen’s Retreat, Staten Island.—Summary of Cases treated in Public Institutions.—Private Treatment.—Advertisers.—Patent Medicines.—Drug-stores.—Aggregate of Venereal Disease.—Probabilities of Infection.—Cost of Prostitution.—Capital invested in Houses of Prostitution and Assignation, Dancing-saloons, etc.—Income of Prostitutes.—Individual Expenses of Visitors.—Medical Expenses.—Vagrancy and Pauper Expenses.—Police and Judiciary Expenses.—Correspondence with leading Cities of the United States.—Estimated Prostitution throughout the Union.—Remarks on “Tait’s Prostitution in Edinburgh.”—Unfounded Estimates.—National Statistics of Population, Births, Education, Occupation, Wages, Pauperism, Crime, Breweries and Distilleries, and Nativities. 575

CHAPTER XXXVII.
NEW YORK.—REMEDIAL MEASURES.
Effects of Prohibition.—Required Change of Policy.—Governmental Obligations.—Prostitution augmented by Seclusion.—Impossibility of benevolent Assistance.—Necessity of sanitary Regulations.—Yellow Fever.—Effect of remedial Measures in Paris.—Syphilitic Infection not a local Question.—Present Measures to check Syphilis.—Island Hospital, Blackwell’s Island.—Mode of Admission.—Vagrancy Commitment “on Confession,” and its Action on Blackwell’s Island.—Pecuniary Results.—Moral Effects.—Perpetuation of Disease.—Inadequacy of Present Arrangements.—Discharges.—Writs of Habeas Corpus and Certiorari, how obtained, and their Effects.—Public Responsibility.—Proposed medical and police Surveillance.—Requirements.—Hospital Arrangements to be entirely separated from punitive Institutions.—Medical Visitation.—Power to place diseased Women under Treatment and detain them till cured.—Refutation of Objections.—Quack Advertisers.—Constitution of Medical Bureau.—Duties of Examiners.—License System.—Probable Effects of Surveillance.—Expenses of the proposed Plan.—Agitation in England.—The London Times on Prostitution.—Objections considered.—Report from Medical Board of Bellevue Hospital on Prostitution and Syphilis.—Report from Resident Physician, Randall’s Island, on Constitutional Syphilis.—Reliability of Statistics.—Resumé of substantiated Facts. 627

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